Дигитални репозиторијум ВАСЕЉЕНА
Дигитални репозиторијум ВАСЕЉЕНА је заједнички репозиторијум свих чланица Универзитета у Источном Сарајеву.
- ВАСЕЉЕНА је институционални репозиторијум Универзитета у Источном Сарајеву успостављен 2023. године са циљем дијељена истраживачких резултата Универзитета. Циљ репозиторијума је да дугорочно чува и омогући отворени приступ резултатима истраживања Универзитета у Источном Сарајеву широј заједници како би се допринијело академском и друштвеном напретку.
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- Репозиторијум је развијен од стране Универзитетског рачунарског центра.
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Antibiotic consumption and antimicrobial resistance in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A single-center experience
(Frontiers Media SA, 2023) Sokolović, Dragana; Drakul, Dragana; Vujić-Aleksić, Vesna; Joksimović, Bojan; Marić, Siniša; Nežić, Lana
Introduction: Antimicrobial resistance and the rapid spread of multiresistant bacteria represent one of the main public health problem in limited resources countries. This issue is significantly worsening since the COVID-19 pandemic due to the unreasonably increased antibiotics prescription to patients with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection. The aim of this study was to examine whether COVID-19 pandemic (2020, 2021) was associated with increased antibiotic consumption in inpatient and outpatient settings in the middle size urban region (Republic of Srpska/Bosnia and Herzegovina) in comparison to period before the pandemic (2019). Additionally, we aimed to determine antimicrobial resistance and the presence of multiresistant bacteria in the regional hospital (“Saint Apostol Luka” Hospital Doboj) in 2021.
Methodology: The consumption of antibiotics in inpatient was calculated as Defined Daily Dose per one hundred of patient-days. The consumption of antibiotics in outpatient was calculated as Defined Daily Dose per thousand inhabitants per day. Resistance of bacteria to antibiotics is expressed as a rates and density for each observed antibiotic. The rate of resistance was calculated as a percentage in relation to the total number of isolates of individual bacteria. The density of resistance of isolated bacteria against a specific antibiotic was expressed as the number of resistant pathogens/1000 patient days.
Results: Antibiotic consumption in hospital setting registered during 2019, 2020 and 2021 was as follows: carbapenems (meropenem: 0.28; 1.91; 2.33 DDD/100 patient-days, respectively), glycopeptides (vancomycin: 0.14; 1.09, 1.54 DDD/100 patient-days, respectively), cephalosporins (ceftriaxone: 6.69; 14.7; 14.0 DDD/100 patient-days, respectively) and polymyxins (colistin: 0.04; 0.25; 0.35 DDD/100 bed-days, respectively). Consumption of azithromycin increased drastically in
2020, and dropped significantly in 2021 (0.48; 5.61; 0.93 DDD/100 patientdays). In outpatient setting, an increase in the consumption of oral forms of azithromycin, levofloxacin and cefixime, as well as parenteral forms of amoxicillinclavulanic acid, ciprofloxacin and ceftriaxone, was recorded. In 2021, antimicrobial resistance to reserve antibiotics in hospital setting was as follows: Acinetobacter baumanii to meropenem 66.0%, Klebsiella spp to cefotaxime 67.14%, Pseudomonas to meropenem 25.7%.
Conclusion: Recent COVID-19 pandemic was associated with increased antibiotic consumption in inpatient and outpatient settings, with characteristic change of pattern of azithromycin consumption. Also, high levels of antimicrobial resistance to reserve antibiotics were registered in hospital setting with low prevalence of
identified pathogen-directed antimicrobial prescription. Strategies toward combat
antimicrobial resistance in the Doboj region are urgently needed.
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Vegetative regulation of vascular tone and features of the nervous system of pedagogical universities students. Is there a relationship with professional specialization?
(H.S. Skovoroda Kharkiv National Pedagogical University, 2023) Kozin, Oleksii; Kozina, Zhanneta; Cretu, Marian; Boychuk, Yurii; Pavlovic, Ratko; Garmash, Iryna; Berezhna, Yaroslava
Purpose. To select recommendations on the use of physical culture means for students of future teachers, it is necessary to identify their functional features and genetically determined properties of the nervous system. Purpose: to reveal the relationship between the performance of the nervous system, orthostatic test and professional specialization of students of pedagogical universities.
Material and methods. Students from 9 different faculties of Ukraine's leading pedagogical institute took part in the study. The total number of subjects was 841 people. Soon the reactions were determined by the program "Psychodiagnostics". Vegetative regulation of vascular tone were determined by the results of heart rate different between in the in the standing position and supine position. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the Duncan method was then conducted to determine the influence of the faculty of education on the testing indicators.. A correlation analysis of testing indicators and ranks of faculties was carried out using the Tau-b Kendall method.
Results. Students of all experimental faculties were divided into 4 groups according to the number of errors in the choice reaction test based on the results of variance analysis (Duncan method). Faculties were divided into ranks from the first to the fourth. A significant negative correlation of the rank of the faculty according to the indicator of the strength and speed of nervous processes with the heart rate in the standing position (p<0.05) and the difference between the heart rate in the standing and lying positions (p<0.01) was revealed.
Conclusions. The results obtained are new in identifying differences in psychophysiological functions and orthostatic reactions among students of pedagogical universities of different faculties; also on the fact of the presence of a correlation between the rank of the faculty in terms of stability and strength of the nervous system of students and the features of their psychophysiological functions and orthostatic reactions. The new facts obtained in this study are the distribution of students into 4 groups according to the stability and strength of the nervous system (from the lowest values to the highest): group 1 - students of the faculties of primary and preschool education, group 2 - students of humanitarian faculties, group 3 - students of the faculty Arts, group 4 - students of the Faculty of Physical Culture and Sports. Also new is the fact of revealing a significant negative correlation between indicators of mobility (reaction rate) and the stability of the nervous system (the number of errors when performing a reaction rate test) in students of pedagogical universities. It is expedient to use physical exercises in accordance with the professional characteristics and personal inclinations of students, who were divided into 4 groups according to the indicators of reaction speed and orthostatic test.
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EFFECTS OF TACTICAL GAME+ENCOURAGEMENT ON IMPROVE DECISION MAKING AND SKILL EXECUTION IN BASKETBALL ATHLETES
(Asociacion Canaria de Psicologia del Deporte, 2023) Rusmana, Ruslan; Sulaiman, Iman; Rihatno, Taufik; Chaniago, Herman; Samsudin; Asmawi, Moch; Wiradihardja, Sudradjat; Bahtiar, Bahtiar; Supriad, Dedi; Alexe, Dan Iulian; Gazali, Novri; Pavlović, Ratko; Setiawan, Edi
This study aims to investigate the effect of TG+E on increasing DM and SE among basketball athletes through true experimental research with a 12 week randomized controlled trial design. The participants involved basketball athletes from the Pasundan Teacher Training and Education College (Indonesia), totaling forty people. Participants were allocated in TG+E (n = 20) and CG (n = 20) groups. The instruments for measuring DM and SE were direct observation and camera recording. Non-parameteric with the Mann–Whitney U test was chosen for analysis between TG+E and CG in the initial-test and final-test. The results of this study showed significant differences in all DM and SE variables in TG+E from initial-test until final-test related to Inside shooting (p < 0.05), Outer shooting (p < 0.05), Passing to zone (p < 0.05), 6.25 m passing (p < 0.05), Far passing (p < 0.05) and Dribbling to zone (p < 0.05). Meanwhile, in CG the differences only occurred in DM and SE which was related to Passing to zone (p < 0.05), 6.25 m passing (p < 0.05), and there was no difference in other aspects. Thus, we emphasize TG+E as an alternative and training solution to improve the quality of DM and SE among basketball athletes.
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Reliability Evaluation of Transmission Planetary Gears “bottom-up” approach
(Polish Maintanace Society, 2023) Živković, Predrag; Milutinović, Miroslav; Tica, Milan; Trifković, Spasoje; Čamagić, Ivica
The reliability study is the most important part of the engineering design process, as it is the basis of analysis and assessment of future product performance in exploitation. Since performance cannot be predicted with absolute certainty, the application of reliability theory includes probability theory and unreliability modeling. The proposed approach has been applied to assess the reliability of gear planetary power transmissions. The assessment of system reliability was determined on the basis of the block diagram method, as a function of the reliability of individual components, calculated by statistical analysis. Using the Weibull model, the reliability of the planetary gear was defined on the basis of the probability of failure of the gear teeth and the results were interpreted to assess the reliability of the component and the entire planetary train. For a more precise assessment of reliability and to avoid modeling every failure and mode of occurrence, a competitive risk model was developed. The reliability assessment study was conducted with a “bottom-up” approach. Reliability has been assessed, for instantaneous, estimated and assigned failures rate of planetary train and component.
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2021 EULAR recommendations regarding lifestyle behaviours and work participation to prevent progression of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases
(BMJ, 2023) Gwinnutt, James M; Wieczorek, Maud; Balanescu, Andra; Bischoff-Ferrari, Heike A; Boonen, Annelies; Cavalli, Giulio; De Souza, Savia; De Thurah, Annette; Dorner, Thomas E; Moe, Rikke Helene; Putrik, Polina; Rodríguez-Carrio, Javier; Silva-Fernández, Lucía; Stamm, Tanja; Walker-Bone, Karen; Welling, Joep; Zlatković-Švenda, Mirjana I; Guillemin, Francis; Verstappen, Suzanne M M
Objectives: A European League Against Rheumatism taskforce was convened to review the literature and develop recommendations on lifestyle behaviours for rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs).
Methods: Six lifestyle exposures (exercise, diet, weight, alcohol, smoking, work participation) and seven RMDs (osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, gout) were considered. The taskforce included health professionals in rheumatology, geriatricians, epidemiologists, public health experts, people with RMDs and exposure domain experts. Systematic reviews were conducted to gather available evidence, from which recommendations were developed.
Results: Five overarching principles and 18 specific recommendations were defined based on available evidence. The overarching principles define the importance of a healthy lifestyle, how lifestyle modifications should be implemented, and their role in relation to medical treatments. Exercise recommendations highlight the safety and benefits of exercise on pain and disability, particularly among people with osteoarthritis and axial spondyloarthritis. The diet recommendations emphasise the importance of a healthy, balanced diet for people with RMDs. People with RMDs and health professionals should work together to achieve and maintain a healthy weight. Small amounts of alcohol are unlikely to negatively affect the outcomes of people with RMDs, although people with rheumatoid arthritis and gout may be at risk of flares after moderate alcohol consumption. Smokers should be supported to quit. Work participation may have benefits on RMD outcomes and should be discussed in consultations.
Conclusions: These recommendations cover a range of lifestyle behaviours and can guide shared decision making between people with RMDs and health professionals when developing and monitoring treatment plans.