Прегледај по Аутор "Ivkovic, Nedeljka"

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    Factors influencing health profession students’ willingness to practice in rural regions of Bosnia and Herzegovina: a cross-sectional study
    (2019) Racic, Maja; Ivkovic, Nedeljka; Pavlovic, Jelena; Zuza, Aleksandra; Hadzivukovic, Natalija; Bozovic, Djordje; Pekez-Pavlisko, Tanja
    Introduction: The literature indicates different factors influencing recruitment of health professional students to work in rural areas. The purpose of this study is to explore the willingness of health profession students in the Faculty of Medicine Foca, University of East Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina to work in a rural area following graduation and the factors influencing incentives to pursue a rural career. Methods: The cross-sectional study included first-year through sixth-year students aged 18 years or older and enrolled in one of three study programs at the Faculty of Medicine: medicine, dentistry and nursing. The questionnaire was distributed at the beginning of the winter semester during the first required lecture for each year and study program class. Data was analyzed using student t-test, analysis of variance when appropriate, Kruskal–Wallis test and multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 519 students participated, an 88.3% response rate. Three hundred and ninety-nine (77%) participants responded positively to the question ‘When you complete your studies, would you be inclined to accept a job in a rural region?’ Factors associated with willingness to practise in rural areas included being female (p=0.027) and having a rural upbringing (p=0.037). Significant differences between medicine, nursing and dentistry students were found in their opinion that willingness to work in rural practice depends greatly on the possibility to get residency more easily (p=0.001). Compared to their peers, nursing students had better opportunities to attend national courses cost-free (p=0.027) and to be involved in the education of new generations of health profession students (p=0.001). Getting a post in an urban area after a work period in a rural area was most valued as an incentive by dentistry students (p=0.037). The multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze predictors of willingness to practise in rural areas. Students who had been raised in a rural community (p=0.042) as well as female students (p=0.016) were more likely to accept rural practice. Statistical significance at an alpha level of 0.05 was not reached for study program and year of study. Conclusions: The results of the study showed a high willingness of medicine, dentistry and nursing students to work in rural areas following graduation. Female students and students who were raised in a rural community were more likely to choose a rural career. Stakeholders should be committed to strengthening the rural deployment of health professionals by creating a more attractive, rural environment.
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    Prevalence of non-carious cervical lesions among the general population of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
    (Wiley, 2019) Zuza, Aleksandra; Racic, Maja; Ivkovic, Nedeljka; Krunic, Jelena; Stojanovic, Nikola; Bozovic, Djordje; Bankovic-Lazarevic, Dusica; Vujaskovic, Mirjana
    Introduction: As non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) may compromise aesthetics and function, knowledge of their aetiological covariables enhances management of clinical complaints and success of restorative treatments. Aims: The primary aim of this study was to assess the presence of NCCLs among the general population of the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina and the potential association with patient-related risk factors. Methods: A prevalence study of NCCLs included 738 respondents from eight towns/municipalities. Two dental practitioners examined all respondents. NCCLs were diagnosed according to the Smith and Knight tooth wear index, measured using a Williams periodontal probe. Data regarding risk factors were obtained through a structured questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyse the association of risk factors and the occurrence of NCCLs. Results: Non-carious cervical lesions were diagnosed in 384 (52%) respondents. Multivariate regression analysis showed that several variables were independently associated with the risk of developing NCCLs, including frequent consumption of acid food (P = 0.001), frequent consumption of acid drinks (P = 0.001), retaining drink in the mouth (P = 0.001), alcohol consumption (P = 0.030), bruxism (P = 0.018) and gastro-oesophageal reflux (P = 0.023). First mandibular premolars were the most affected teeth (left: 46.0%; right: 44.0%), followed by the second right maxillary premolars (37.3%), second left maxillary premolars (33.6%) and finally by the first right maxillary premolars (34.0%). Conclusion: The results of the current study suggest that NCCLs occur frequently and have a multifactorial aetiology. The lowest prevalence was recorded among individuals younger than 20 years of age. As the majority of risk factors are modifiable, regular dental care could lead to the early detection of NCCLs.
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    Salivary Cortisol Levels as a Biological Marker of Stress Reaction
    (Academy of Medical Sciences of Bosnia and Herzegovina, 2013) Bozovic, Djordje; Račić, Maja; Ivkovic, Nedeljka
    Aim: To determine the validity and psychobiological significance of salivary cortisol as a biomarker of stress in the experiments. Results: Stress is defined as a state in which homeostasis is jeopardized by the action of various external and internal stressors. he effect of cortisol is made through specific receptors located in the cytoplasm of the target cells. Determining blood cortisol levels, which has been the most widely used method, is characterized by certain shortcomings. he process of taking blood samples from the vein is accompanied by additional stress, which results in falsely positive results. Another law is found in the fact that cortisol taken and measured from serum or plasma represents total cortisol, not the free, biologically active one. Cortisol response lags behind ACTH by 5-20 minutes, with peak blood levels achieved in 10-30 min. he transfer of cortisol from blood to saliva takes place rather quickly, within no more than 2-3 min. Conclusion: Although, the studies on correlation between saliva cortisol concentrations and free levels of this hormone in blood samples are lacking, salivary cortisol offer a novel approach in research of stress biomarkers with its ease of collection and potentially wide scope for application.